What type of energy is utilized to circulate the refrigerant in an absorption refrigeration cycle?

In an absorption refrigeration cycle, heat is the key energy source used to circulate the refrigerant. This process operates by utilizing a heat source to drive the refrigeration cycle, typically involving a refrigerant that absorbs heat from one area and removes it from another, thereby cooling the desired space.

The cycle begins when heat is applied to the absorber, causing the refrigerant to evaporate and generate vapor. This vapor is then absorbed by a solution, which helps to create a low-pressure environment that promotes further evaporation and circulation of the refrigerant. By utilizing heat rather than mechanical or electrical energy as its primary driving force, the absorption refrigeration cycle distinguishes itself from conventional vapor-compression systems that rely extensively on mechanical compressors or electric energy to function.

This principle enables absorption refrigeration systems to be highly efficient in certain applications, especially where waste heat is available or when electrical energy supply is limited.