Why should caution be taken when swapping a low efficiency air filter for a higher efficiency model?

Selecting a higher efficiency air filter is often guided by the intent to improve air quality and capture more particulate matter. However, a crucial aspect to consider is the pressure drop that can occur with these filters. Higher efficiency filters tend to have a tighter weave and finer materials designed to capture smaller particles. This can lead to a higher resistance to airflow, or a higher pressure drop, especially if the HVAC system is not designed to accommodate it.

When the pressure drop is excessive, it may cause the system to work harder to draw air through the filter. This can lead to decreased efficiency of the HVAC system, increased energy consumption, potential strain on components, and ultimately might even result in system failure. It's critical to ensure that both the filter and the overall HVAC system are compatible to maintain optimal performance.